Ama-Elastomer ama-5 aphezulu ezicelo ze-Gasket kanye ne-Seal
Ayini ama-elastomer? Leli gama livela kwelithi “elastic” - elinye lama-properties ayisisekelo erabha. Amagama athi “irabha” kanye nelithi “elastomer” asetshenziswa ngokushintshana ukubhekisela kuma-polymer ane-viscoelasticity - ngokuvamile abizwa ngokuthi “elasticity.” I-properties ezingokwemvelo zama-elastomer zifaka phakathi ukuguquguquka, ukunwebeka okuphezulu kanye nenhlanganisela yokuqina kanye nokufiphaza (ukufiphaza kuyi-property yerabha ebangela ukuthi iguqule amandla omshini abe ukushisa lapho iphambuka). Le sethi ye-properties eyingqayizivele yenza ama-elastomer abe yi-material efanelekile yama-gasket, ama-seal, ama-isolat ors, nokunye okunjalo.
Eminyakeni edlule, ukukhiqizwa kwe-elastomer kuye kwashintsha kusuka enjolobeni yemvelo ekhiqizwa yi-latex yesihlahla kuya ekushintsheni kwe-rubber compounding ethuthukisiwe kakhulu. Ekudaleni lokhu kuhlukahluka, izakhiwo ezithile zitholakala ngosizo lwezithasiselo ezifana nama-filler noma ama-plasticizer noma ngokushintshashintsha kwezilinganiso zokuqukethwe ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo se-copolymer. Ukuvela kokukhiqizwa kwe-elastomer kudala amathuba amaningi e-elastomer angaklanywa, akhiqizwe futhi atholakale emakethe.
Ukuze ukhethe izinto ezifanele, umuntu kufanele aqale ahlole izindlela ezivamile zokusebenza kwe-elastomer ekusetshenzisweni kwe-gasket kanye ne-seal. Lapho ekhetha izinto ezisebenzayo, onjiniyela bavame ukucatshangelwa izici eziningi. Izimo zesevisi ezifana nobubanzi bokushisa kokusebenza, izimo zemvelo, ukuthintana kwamakhemikhali, kanye nezidingo zemishini noma zomzimba konke kudinga ukucatshangelwa ngokucophelela. Kuye ngokusetshenziswa, lezi zimo zesevisi zingathinta kakhulu ukusebenza kanye nobude besikhathi sokuphila kwe-gasket noma i-seal ye-elastomer.
Sinale mibono engqondweni, ake sihlole ama-elastomer amahlanu asetshenziswa kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni kwe-gasket kanye ne-seal.
1)I-Buna-N/Nitrile/NBR
Wonke amagama afanayo, le copolymer yerabha yokwenziwa ye-acrylonitrile (ACN) kanye ne-butadiene, noma irabha ye-Nitrile butadiene (NBR), iyisinqumo esithandwayo esivame ukucaciswa lapho kukhona uphethiloli, uwoyela kanye/noma amafutha.
Izakhiwo Eziyinhloko:
Izinga Lokushisa Eliphezulu lisukela ku-~ -54°C kuya ku-121°C (-65° – 250°F).
Ukumelana okuhle kakhulu namafutha, izinyibilikisi kanye namafutha.
Ukumelana okuhle nokuklwebheka, ukugeleza okubandayo, ukumelana nokudabuka.
Kukhethwa kakhulu ukusetshenziswa nge-nitrogen noma i-Helium.
Ukumelana okungekuhle ne-UV, i-ozone, kanye nokushisa.
Ukumelana okungekuhle nama-ketone nama-hydrocarbon ane-chlorine.
Isetshenziswa Kakhulu Ku:
Izicelo Zokuphatha Uphethiloli Wezindiza Nezimoto
Izindleko Ezilinganiselwe:
Okuphansi kuya Okumaphakathi
2) I-EPDM
Ukwakheka kwe-EPDM kuqala nge-copolymerization ye-ethylene ne-propylene. I-monomer yesithathu, i-diene, yengezwa ukuze izinto zivundiswe nge-sulfur. Inhlanganisela ekhiqizwayo yaziwa ngokuthi i-ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM).
Izakhiwo Eziyinhloko:
Izinga Lokushisa Eliphezulu lisukela ku-~ -59°C kuya ku-149°C (-75° – 300°F).
Ukumelana okuhle kakhulu nokushisa, i-ozone kanye nesimo sezulu.
Ukumelana okuhle nezinto ezi-polar kanye nomusi.
Izakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zokuvimbela ugesi.
Ukumelana okuhle nama-ketone, ama-asidi ajwayelekile axutshwe, kanye nama-alkaline.
Ukumelana okungekuhle namafutha, uphethiloli kanye ne-parafini.
Ukumelana okungekuhle nama-hydrocarbon e-aliphatic, izinyibilikisi ze-halogenated, nama-asidi agxilile.
Isetshenziswa Kakhulu Ku:
Izindawo Eziqandisiwe/Ezibandayo
Uhlelo Lokupholisa Izimoto kanye Nezicelo Zokususa Isimo Sezulu
Izindleko Ezilinganiselwe:
Okuphansi - Okumaphakathi
3) I-Neoprene
Umndeni we-neoprene werabha zokwenziwa ukhiqizwa yi-polymerization ye-chloroprene futhi waziwa nangokuthi i-polychloroprene noma i-Chloroprene (CR).
Izakhiwo Eziyinhloko:
Izinga Lokushisa Eliphezulu lisukela ku-~ -57°C kuya ku-138°C (-70° – 280°F).
Izakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zokushaqeka, ukuklwebheka kanye nokumelana nomlilo.
Isethi enhle yokumelana nokudabuka kanye nokucindezela.
Ukumelana namanzi okuhle kakhulu.
Ukumelana okuhle nokuchayeka okulinganiselwe ku-ozone, i-UV, kanye nesimo sezulu kanye namafutha, amafutha, kanye nezinyibilikisi ezithambile.
Ukumelana okungekuhle nama-asidi aqinile, izinyibilikisi, ama-ester, nama-ketone.
Ukumelana okungekuhle nama-chlorine, aromatic, kanye nama-nitro-hydrocarbon.
Isetshenziswa Kakhulu Ku:
Izicelo Zemvelo Yasemanzini
I-elekthronikhi
Izindleko Ezilinganiselwe:
Phansi
4) I-Silicone
Amarabha e-silicone angama-polysiloxanes e-vinyl methyl polysiloxanes ane-polymer ephezulu, abizwa ngokuthi (VMQ), asebenza kahle kakhulu ezindaweni ezishisayo ezinzima. Ngenxa yobumsulwa bawo, amarabha e-silicone afaneleka kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni kokuhlanzeka.
Izakhiwo Eziyinhloko:
Izinga Lokushisa Eliphezulu lisukela ku-~ -100°C kuya ku-250°C (-148° – 482°F).
Ukumelana okuhle kakhulu nokushisa okuphezulu.
Ukumelana okuhle kakhulu kwe-UV, i-ozone kanye nesimo sezulu.
Ibonisa ukuguquguquka okungcono kakhulu kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi lezinto ezibalwe.
Izakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu ze-dielectric.
Amandla okudonseka aphansi kanye nokumelana nokudabuka.
Ukumelana okungekuhle nezinyibilikisi, uwoyela, kanye nama-asidi aqinile.
Ukumelana kabi nomusi.
Isetshenziswa Kakhulu Ku:
Izicelo Zokudla Neziphuzo
Izicelo Zemvelo Yezemithi (Ngaphandle kokubulala inzalo ngomusi)
Izindleko Ezilinganiselwe:
Okumaphakathi - Okuphezulu
5) I-Fluoroelastomer/Viton®
Ama-fluoroelastomer e-Viton® ahlukaniswe ngaphansi kwesigaba esithi FKM. Leli klasi lama-elastomer liwumndeni owakhiwe ngama-copolymer e-hexafluoropropylene (HFP) kanye ne-vinylidene fluoride (VDF noma i-VF2).
Ama-terpolymer e-tetrafluoroethylene (TFE), i-vinylidene fluoride (VDF) kanye ne-hexafluoropropylene (HFP) kanye ne-perfluoromethylvinylether (PMVE) aqukethe okukhethekile abonwa emabangeni aphezulu.
I-FKM yaziwa njengesixazululo esikhethwayo lapho kudingeka izinga lokushisa eliphezulu kanye nokumelana namakhemikhali.
Izakhiwo Eziyinhloko:
Izinga Lokushisa Eliphezulu lisukela ku-~ -30°C kuya ku-315°C (-20° – 600°F).
Ukumelana okuhle kakhulu nokushisa okuphezulu.
Ukumelana okuhle kakhulu kwe-UV, i-ozone kanye nesimo sezulu.
Ukumelana okungekuhle nama-ketone, ama-ester aphansi esisindo sama-molecule.
Ukumelana okungekuhle ne-alcohols kanye ne-nitro-containing compounds
Ukumelana okungekuhle nokushisa okuphansi.
Isetshenziswa Kakhulu Ku:
Izicelo Zokuvala Amanzi/I-SCUBA
Izicelo Zikaphethiloli Zezimoto Ezinokugxila Okuphezulu Kwe-Biodiesel
Izicelo Zokuvala Izindiza Ekusekeleni Izinhlelo Zikaphethiloli, Zokugcoba, kanye Nezimo Ze-Hydraulic
Izindleko Ezilinganiselwe:
Phezulu
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Ephreli-15-2020