I-ABS: I-Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene

I-Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) ipulasitiki eyi-terpolymer, i-polymer equkethe ama-monomers amathathu ahlukene. I-ABS yenziwa ngokwenza i-polymerizing styrene ne-acrylonitrile phambi kwe-polybutadiene. I-Acrylonitrile iyinhlanganisela yokwenziwa komzimba eyenziwe nge-propylene ne-ammonia ngenkathi i-butadiene iyi-petroleum hydrocarbon, kanti i-styrene monomer yenziwa yi-dehydrogeneration ye-ethyl benzene. I-dehydrogenation ukusabela kwamakhemikhali okubandakanya ukususwa kwe-hydrogen kwi-molecule ephilayo futhi okuphambene ne-hydrogenation. I-dehydrogenation iguqula ama-alkanes, angenawo amandla futhi anenani eliphansi, abe ama-olefini (kufaka phakathi ama-alkenes), asebenzayo futhi abaluleke kakhulu. Izinqubo ze-dehydrogeneration zisetshenziswa kakhulu ukukhiqiza i-aromatics ne-styrene embonini ye-petrochemical. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili: Eyodwa eyokukhishwa kwezimo futhi enye i-thermoplastic esetshenziselwa imikhiqizo ebunjiwe. Izinhlanganisela ze-ABS imvamisa ziyisiqingatha se-styrene nokunye okusele phakathi kwe-butadiene ne-acrylonitrile. I-ABS ihlangana kahle nezinye izinto ezifana ne-polyvinylchloride, i-polycarbonate, ne-polysulphones. Lezi zinhlanganisela zivumela izici ezahlukahlukene nezinhlelo zokusebenza.

Ngokomlando, i-ABS yathuthukiswa okokuqala ngesikhathi seWWII esikhundleni senjoloba. Yize bekungasizi kulolo hlelo, kodwa lwatholakala kabanzi kuzinhlelo zokuhweba ngawo-1950. Namuhla i-ABS isetshenziswa eqenjini lezicelo ezahlukahlukene kufaka phakathi amathoyizi. Isibonelo, amabhlogo weLEGO® enziwe ngawo ngoba awasindi futhi ahlala isikhathi eside. Futhi ukubumba emazingeni okushisa aphezulu kuthuthukisa ukucwebezela nokumelana nokushisa kwento ngenkathi ukubumba emazingeni okushisa aphansi kuphumela ekumelaneni nomthelela omkhulu namandla.

I-ABS i-amorphous, okusho ukuthi ayinakho ukushisa kwangempela okuncibilikayo kepha kuneqondo lokushisa lengilazi elicishe libe u-105◦C noma u-221◦F. Inokushisa kwensiza okuqhubekayo okunconyiwe okusuka ku -20◦C kuye ku-80◦C (-4◦F kuye ku-176◦ F). Iyatsha uma ivezwa amazinga okushisa aphezulu njengalawo akhiqizwa ilangabi elivulekile. Okokuqala kuzoncibilika, bese kubila, bese kuqhuma amalangabi ashisayo ashubile njengoba ipulasitiki ivutha. Izinzuzo zayo ukuthi inokuzinza okuphezulu futhi ikhombisa ukuqina ngisho nasemazingeni okushisa aphansi. Okunye okubi ukuthi lapho kushiswa i-ABS kuzoholela ekukhiqizeni intuthu ephezulu.

I-ABS imelana namakhemikhali kabanzi. Imelana nama-acid aqueous, alkalis, ne-phosphoric acid, i-hydrochloric alcohol egxilile kanye namafutha wezilwane, yemifino kanye namaminerali. Kepha i-ABS ihlaselwa kanzima ngamanye ama-solvent. Ukuxhumana isikhathi eside nama-solvents anamakha, ama-ketone nama-esters akulethi imiphumela emihle. It has limited sezulu ukumelana. Lapho i-ABS isha, ikhiqiza intuthu ephezulu kakhulu. Ukukhanya kwelanga kubuye kwehlise isithunzi i-ABS. Ukusetshenziswa kwayo kunkinobho yokukhishwa kwebhande lemoto yezimoto kudale izinkumbulo ezinkulu kakhulu futhi ezibiza kakhulu emlandweni wase-US. I-ABS imelana nezinto ezinhlobonhlobo ezibandakanya i-acid egxiliwe, i-dilute acid kanye ne-alkalis. Isebenza kabi ngama-hydrocarbon anephunga ne-halogenated.

Izici ezibaluleke kakhulu ze-ABS ukumelana nomthelela nobulukhuni. Futhi i-ABS ingacutshungulwa ukuze indawo icwebezele. Abenzi bamathoyizi bayayisebenzisa ngenxa yalezi zimfanelo. Vele, njengoba kushiwo, omunye wabasebenzisi abaziwa kakhulu be-ABS yi-LEGO® ngamabhulokhi abo amibalabala, acwebezelayo. Ibuye isetshenziselwe ukwenza izinsimbi zomculo, amakhanda amakilabhu egalofu, imishini yokwelashwa yokuthola igazi, igqoko lokuzivikela, izikebhe zamanzi amhlophe, imithwalo namacala okuphatha.

Ingabe i-ABS inobuthi?

I-ABS ayinabungozi kangako ngoba ayinama-carcinogens aziwayo, futhi ayikho imiphumela emibi yezempilo eyaziwayo ehlobene nokuchayeka ku-ABS. Lokho kusho ukuthi, i-ABS ngokuvamile ayikufanelekeli ukufakelwa kwezokwelapha.

Yiziphi izakhiwo ze-ABS?

I-ABS iqinile ngokwakhiwa kwayo, yingakho isetshenziswa ezintweni ezinjengezindlu zamakhamera, izindlu ezivikelayo kanye nokupakisha. Uma udinga ipulasitiki eshibhile, eqinile, eqinile ebambelela kahle kwimithelela yangaphandle, i-ABS iyisinqumo esihle.